Practical Viewing of the Optic Disc

The accompanying 4-color CD-ROM with exceptional photographs and video takes you on a journey through identifying structures with direct fluorescein angiography, examining the fundus, and watching blood flow through the eye.
Key Features

* Determine underlying causes to common medical complaints
* Includes 4 - color CD - ROM complete with video fundus examinations showing venous pulsations
* Contains more than 100 differential diagnosis tables

System Requirements

Windows 95 -
Macintosh - OS 8.x
IBM -

Table of Contents

Introduction: Why looking at the disc is important

INSTRUMENTS OF OPHTHALMOSCOPY:

* Indirect
* Direct
* Disc Photographs
* Fluorescein Angiography

* NFL Analyzer


STEPS OF DIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY:

* An introduction to the examination of the
* Anatomy of the normal disc; embryology
* Dilating Drops
* What are the normal fundus (disc and macula) and it variations? a. Neuroretinal rim b. Cups c. Viewing the Nerve Fiber Layer


BLOOD SUPPLY: ARTERIES AND IT BRANCHES:

* Vortex Veins
* Cilioretinal Arteries
* Central/Branch Retinal Arteries
* Preretinal
* Macula


DISC ANOMALIES

* Big Discs: Myopia, Megallopapilla
* Little Discs: Hyperopia; hypoplasia
* Myelination
* Cavity Disc Anomalies a. Fundus Ectasia b. Congenital Pits c. Colobomas d. Morning Glory discs


SWOLLEN OPTIC DISCS

* Pseudo disc swelling
* Disc Drusen
* Little Red Discs
Papilledema and its stages
Other causes of Swelling of the disc
* Swelling due to Compression
* Swelling due to Low Intraocular Pressure
* Swelling due to ischemia - Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
* Swelling due to Inflammation: a. Optic Neuritis b. NEURORETINITIS c. Papillitis d. LEBER’S


OPTIC DISC ATROPHY

* Congenital Optic Atrophy

* LEBER’S Optic Neuropathy
* Glaucoma

* Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis


VASCULAR EVENTS AT THE DISC AND RETINA: AMAUROSIS FUGAX AND NOT SO FUGAX

* Types of Emboli
* Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
* Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
* Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
* Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

* Central Retinal Vein Occlusion


COMMON RETINAL AND MACULAR DISEASE: Examination of the retina Hemorrhages in the Retina: Telling the depth and type of hemorrhage

* Retinitis Pigmentosa
* Maculopathies
* Staargarts
* Metabolic Retinal Disease
* Diabetes: Proliferative and Non - Proliferative
* Hypertension
* Infections of the Retina
* Cytomegalovirus
* Toxoplamosis
* Histoplasmosis


PHAKOMATOSES

* Von Hippel Lindau
* Tuberous Sclerosis
* Neurofibromatosis
* Sturge – Weber